An Italian mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and physician, Campanus of Novara served as chaplain to four successive popes. His most influential contribution was his Latin redaction of Euclid's Elements in fifteen books, composed before 1259, incorporating material from Jordanus de Nemore's Arithmetica and al-Nayrizi's commentary via Gerard of Cremona's translation. It became the most-used Euclidean compilation in Latin Europe for over two centuries; Erhard Ratdolt's 1482 Venice edition, based on Campanus's redaction, was the editio princeps of the Elements.