Wikinventia — Atlas of discoveries and inventions · Middle Age

Magnetic navigational compass — Shen Kuo

~1040 AD · Transmission: Global
TechnologyInventionChinese

Shen Kuo describes in the Mengxi Bitan (1088) the floating magnetic needle for navigation. The principle of terrestrial magnetism was known earlier in China (centuries of use of the sinan for geomancy), but Shen Kuo documents its navigational application. The compass reached the Arab world and Europe between the 12th and 13th centuries, making ocean navigation and the great voyages of discovery possible.

InstitutionSong imperial court
Historical regionChina (present-day)
Primary sourceShen Kuo — Mengxi Bitan (Dream Pool Essays, 1088 AD), ch. 24
Secondary sourceNeedham, J. — Science and Civilisation in China, Vol.4 Part 1 (1962, Cambridge UP); Encyclopaedia Britannica — Compass, history
Original languageClassical Chinese
View this entry in the interactive atlas → View in graph →