Eudoxus of Cnidus writes Phenomena (lost), a prose treatise describing constellations and their arrangement on the celestial sphere. Statistical analysis of the surviving rising/setting data (via Aratus and Hipparchus) places the origin of those observations around the 3rd millennium BC, a much older and geographically debated origin (Minoan? an archaic Indo-European/Near Eastern substrate?), not necessarily late Mesopotamian.