Wikinventia — Atlas of discoveries and inventions · Global Age

First experimental observation of the hexatic phase — Pindak, Moncton, Davey, and Goodby

1981 AD · Transmission: Global
PhysicsDiscoveryNorth American

Ronald Pindak, David E. Moncton, Stephen C. Davey, and John W. Goodby, at AT&T Bell Laboratories, experimentally confirm for the first time the hexatic phase predicted two years earlier by Halperin and Nelson. Using free-standing liquid crystal film techniques and X-ray diffraction, they study a smectic B liquid crystal phase and find exactly the two signatures the theory predicted: short-range positional correlations within the plane — like a liquid — but long-range, three-dimensional six-fold (hexagonal) bond-orientational order — like a solid. The authors themselves explicitly interpret their results as a system of interacting two-dimensional hexatic layers, precisely confirming the language and theoretical framework Halperin and Nelson had proposed. This finding opened the door to decades of research on the hexatic phase in liquid crystals, colloids, vortices in superconductors, and other two-dimensional systems.

InstitutionAT&T Bell Laboratories
Historical regionUSA
Primary sourcePindak, R., Moncton, D.E., Davey, S.C., Goodby, J.W. — "X-Ray Observation of a Stacked Hexatic Liquid-Crystal Phase" (Physical Review Letters, 46, 1135, 1981). DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.46.1135
Secondary sourceBrookhaven National Laboratory, professional profile of Ron Pindak
Original languageEnglish
View this entry in the interactive atlas → View in graph →