Pre-Pottery Neolithic B (PPNB, c. 8500-7000 BC) communities in the Mediterranean Levant and southeast Anatolia develop the first documented lime-mortar technology: they calcine limestone above 800°C — already mastering advanced pyrotechnology before having pottery — to obtain quicklime, which they mix with water and aggregates to make floors, wall coverings, and vessels. At Yiftahel (Lower Galilee), domestic floors made entirely of a primitive polished-lime concrete have been excavated; at Ain Ghazal (Jordan), floors coated with smooth lime mortar, often painted with red pigments; at Çayönü and Göbekli Tepe (Turkey), terrazzo floors of remarkable technical quality in public buildings and temples. These same cultures also develop the so-called "White Ware": vessels and containers molded directly from lime paste, predating the invention of fired pottery. This technology precedes Roman concrete (opus caementicium, c. 200 BC) by more than six millennia and constitutes the oldest documented origin of lime-based building materials, in contrast to the usual attribution of this innovation to Roman engineering.