Francis Rynd, a physician at Dublin's Meath Hospital, performs in 1844 the first documented subcutaneous injection of dissolved morphine using a hollow needle by gravity, without a plunger. He publishes the procedure in the Dublin Medical Press (1845). Rynd's merit is the first documented clinical application of subcutaneous drug administration. Charles Pravaz (France, 1853) and Alexander Wood (Scotland, 1853) independently developed syringes with a plunger — the design that prevailed. The canon attributes the hypodermic syringe to Pravaz and Wood for its more functional design, silencing Rynd's clinical priority.